León grew from the permanent camp established here by the Roman Legio VII Gemina in the 1st century, from which the city's name derives. In 910 it became the capital of the Kingdom of León, one of the principal Christian kingdoms of medieval Iberia. In 1188, King Alfonso IX summoned representatives of towns alongside the nobility and clergy; the resulting Decreta are recognised by UNESCO as the oldest known documentary evidence of a European parliamentary system. León was also one of the major stops on the medieval Camino, described in the Codex Calixtinus as a royal and courtly city.

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Catedral de LeónCatedral de LeónCatedral de LeónCatedral de León

Catedral de León

Construction of León Cathedral began in the 13th century, strongly influenced by the great Gothic cathedrals of France. Its most remarkable feature is more than 1,800 m² of stained glass, much of it medieval, filling an unusually large proportion of the walls. The cathedral stands partly over the remains of the Roman baths belonging to the Legio VII Gemina camp.

Casa Botines

Casa Botines

Casa Botines was designed by Antoni Gaudí between 1891 and 1893 for a textile and banking business, with commercial premises below and apartments above. It is one of only three Gaudí buildings outside Catalonia, another being the Episcopal Palace in Astorga. Today it houses a museum devoted to Gaudí and the history of the building, together with an art collection.

Real Colegiata de San Isidoro

Real Colegiata de San Isidoro

The Real Colegiata de San Isidoro developed into one of the principal religious and royal complexes of the medieval Kingdom of León. Its Panteón Real contains the tombs of numerous members of the Leonese royal dynasty beneath exceptionally well-preserved 12th-century Romanesque wall paintings. The basilica takes its name from Saint Isidore of Seville, whose remains were brought to León in the 11th century.

Convento de San Marcos

Convento de San Marcos

A hospital for pilgrims was founded on this site in the 12th century and later became an important house of the Order of Santiago. The medieval buildings were replaced from the 16th century by the vast Renaissance complex seen today, distinguished by its richly carved Plateresque façade. In the pavement outside, a series of bronze medallions represents towns along the Camino, from Roncesvalles to Santiago.